📄️ Flashbots
Flashbots is an approach to MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) that provides transaction ordering markets and private submission. Via MEV‑Boost and Protect RPC, it aims to reduce the risk of frontrunning and sandwich attacks, though it does not eliminate them entirely.
📄️ Visualization Tools
Visualization tools for sandwich attacks help identify which DeFi token swaps are most frequently targeted so users can avoid risky swaps.
📄️ HyperLiquid
Unlike AMM‑based DeFi on Ethereum, HyperLiquid implements a native order‑book exchange on its own chain. This structure avoids AMM‑specific MEV issues such as sandwich attacks at the root. With high throughput and low fees, it is a notable candidate for next‑generation DeFi infrastructure.
📄️ CowSwap
CowSwap is a DEX aggregator that leverages AMM liquidity (e.g., Uniswap) while using off‑chain order matching and batch auctions to avoid frontruns and sandwich attacks.
📄️ Uniswap: v2 → v3 (or v4)
Uniswap is a leading AMM protocol and a foundation of DeFi. However, AMMs are vulnerable to sandwich attacks. Uniswap v3 and v4 add features that can mitigate some of this risk.